“For nearly two centuries, historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs)
have consistently punched above their weight against near insurmountable odds
to prepare America’s Black scholars and other students of color
to enter society with a comprehensive education.”
(See https://uncf.org/annual-report-2023/the-hbcu-effect-is-real)
Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey, Vice President Karmala Harris and the following notables graduated from HBCUs: Nathaniel S. Colley Sr., Yolanda Adams, Stacey Abrams, Debbie Allen, Lonnie Johnson, Jesse Jackson, Pam Oliver, Alice Walker, Tarji P. Henson, Marian Wright Edelman, Langston Hughes, Raphel Warnock, Julian Bond, Ralph Ellison, Glayds Knight, Katherine Johnson, Nikki Giovanni, Rosa Parks, Spike Lee, Keith Ellison, Samuel L. Jackson, Keisha Lance Bottoms, Oprah Winfrey, Martin Luther King Jr., Althea Gibson, Thurgood Marshall, W.E. B. DuBois, John Lewis, and Earl G. Graves. Given the profound educational and economic impact of HBCUs, we must maintain and enhance HBCUs.
The September 19, 2024 United Negro College Fund’s 2024 HBCU Economic Impact Report included the following information: “HBCUs generate $16.5 billion in direct economic impact nationally. If they were a company, the nation’s HBCUs would place in the top 50 of the nation’s Fortune 500 companies in job creation. Collectively, 136,048 jobs exist as a result of HBCUs. On average, for each job created on campus, 1.5 off-campus jobs exist because of spending related to the institution …The 51,269 HBCU graduates in the class of 2021 can expect work-life earnings of $146 billion, 57% ($53 billion) more than the $93 billion they could expect without their degrees or certificates.”
Nevertheless, like glaciers, many HBCUs are melting down. More specifically, an October 2024 Pew Research Center report indicated, “…As of fall 2022 – the latest semester with available data – there were 99 HBCUs nationwide, and they collectively enrolled just under 290,000 students… While 18% of all Black college students in the U.S. attended HBCUs in 1976, only 9% did in 2022. Still, HBCUs accounted for 16% of the bachelor’s degrees that Black college students earned in the 2021-22 school year… In 2022, more than 80% of the student body was Black at 65 of the 99 HBCUs. But at eight HBCUs, more than half of the student body was not Black – including Saint Philip’s and West Virginia State University. At each school, just 9% of students were Black… West Virginia State now serves mainly White students.) (See Enrollment at HBCUs: A closer look). Meanwhile, nearly all HBCUs have significant financial risks, largely because of institutional racism.
A September 22, 2022 Forbes article indicated, “Compared to their predominantly white counterparts, the nation’s Black land-grant universities have been underfunded by at least $12.8 billion over the last three decades… Inside the men’s dormitory at Tennessee State University (TSU), the heating and cooling unit is a rusted relic from the 1960s… ‘Two thirds of our buildings are in substantial need of repair,’ says Glenda Glover, president of this historically Black institution in Nashville. A contracting firm recently pegged the bill for TSU’s deferred maintenance at $427 million, a nearly unreachable sum for a school with an operating loss of more than $80 million a year on just $116 million in revenue and a puny $63 million endowment...”
Fortunately, a May 2024, White House announcement indicated, “Today, the Biden-Harris Administration announced a new record in Federal funding and investments in Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs) totaling more than $16 billion from Fiscal Years (FY) 2021 through current available data for FY 2024. This new reported total is up from the previously announced over $7 billion, and captures significant additional actions already undertaken. …President Biden and Vice President Harris are committed to ensuring whole-of-government investment efforts in HBCUs continue at full momentum through the rest of FY 2024.” In addition, of great importance are HBCUs partnerships with historically White colleges and universities. Consider, for example, some Pitt related activities.
Across the University of Pittsburgh, there are a significant number of individual research collaborations with various scholars at HBCUs. In addition, there are other partnerships, including the important work of the President of Howard University and the Pitt Chancellor as founding members of the College Presidents for Civic Preparedness initiative as well as members of the Fulbright Scholars Advisory Board. Regarding the Presidents for Civic Preparedness initiative, it is important to note that “…this coalition of over 100 campus leaders from diverse ideologies, backgrounds, and institutions is committed to preparing students for active civic engagement… these commitments move beyond oversimplified debates around free speech versus diversity and inclusion. Instead, they prioritize meaningful engagement with diverse voices and viewpoints, underline the importance of supporting free inquiry for democratic understanding, and recognize diversity as a cornerstone of both American democracy and campus life.” (See The Civic Commitments - College Presidents for Civic Preparedness).
It is also noteworthy that the former Pitt Dean of Education, Valerie Kinloch, now serves as President of her alma mater Johnson C. Smith. James R. Martin II, Pitt’s former Dean of Engineering and, subsequently, Vice Chancellor for STEM Research and Innovation, now serves as Chancellor of North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University. Significantly, Pitt professor Khirsten L. Scott recently delivered the distinguished lecture, On the Edge of Legacy: Embracing the Fullness of HBCU Stories for a Thriving Future, at her HBCU alma mater Tougaloo College. The foregoing follows the rich historical Pitt-HBCUs connections as exemplified by Frederick Humphrey who [1] graduated from Florida A&M University; [2] earned a doctorate at Pitt; and [3] went on to serve first as President of Tennessee State and, subsequently, President of Florida A&M University.
If we are not to lose a precious national resource, to experience the consequences of a true “climate change” in higher education, then we must heed Adriel A. Hilton’s and Cheron Hunter Davis’ July 28, 2024 comments, i.e., “…America’s HBCUs are monuments to the beginnings of higher education for Black Americans. However, these institutions, with their rich legacies and historic campuses, are crumbling before our very eyes… The only way to save our HBCUs — tributes to the brave work of our Black ancestors — is through financial support or donated time and expertise. Please contact an HBCU and offer what you can. Honor our Black forefathers, show that their legacy is not forgotten, and demonstrate that together, we can ensure these vital institutions stand strong for generations to come.” (See We Must Help Save America’s Historic Black Colleges | Diverse: Issues In Higher Education).
Jack L. Daniel
Co-founder, Freed Panther Society
Contributor, Pittsburgh Urban Media
Author, Negotiating a Historically White University While Black
November 22, 2024